Cut-out animation, or sometimes called cut-out stop-motion animation, is a simple and fun way to create 2D animations. It’s a technique that’s been around for a long time and still draws people in with its unique and charming look. In this guide, we’re going to break down what cut-out animation is all about, take a look at its history, and explore how you can make your own cut-out animations, too.
What is Cut-Out Animation?
So, what exactly is cut-out animation? Well, it’s a type of stop-motion animation where 2D characters, props, and backgrounds are made using flat materials like paper, cardboard, fabric, or photos. These materials are cut into different pieces, placed on a flat surface, and photographed one frame at a time. Each frame shows a slight change in the positions of the pieces to create the illusion that they’re moving.
What makes cut-out animation stand out is its special visual style, often giving a handmade, textured look that you don’t get with other animation techniques. Characters are usually made of smaller pieces that can move independently from one another, like arms, legs, or heads.
The best part about cut-out animation? It’s super accessible! You don’t need fancy equipment or years of training to start – just basic tools and materials will get you started. It’s a great choice for both beginners and seasoned animators who want to create something that has a distinctive, artistic flair.
The Interesting History of Cut-Out Animation
Cut-out animation has a rich history that goes way back, even before animation was a mainstream art form:
- Early Days: The very first cut-out animations were made by Quirino Cristiani in Argentina, even before Disney came onto the scene. Unfortunately, most of his early works are lost now.
- 1926 – “The Adventures of Prince Achmed”: This film used silhouette cut-out animation to tell magical stories inspired by “The Arabian Nights.” Reiniger’s innovative use of cut-out animation helped establish it as a legitimate art form.
- Through the Years: As time went on, artists kept experimenting with cut-out animation. In the 60s and 70s, animators like Terry Gilliam (from Monty Python) used the technique to create quirky, surreal animations that became iconic in pop culture.
- Digital Age: Software now helps animators replicate the handmade look while making the process faster and easier. So, while it’s still rooted in tradition, it’s got a modern twist.
- South Park – A Modern Hit: One of the most well-known examples of cut-out animation today is “South Park.” The show started with actual paper cut-outs in its first episode but quickly switched to digital animation to mimic that cut-out feel. This gave the creators the best of both worlds – the signature style without the time-consuming process.
How to Create Cut-Out Animation
If you’re itching to try it out yourself, here’s a simple step-by-step guide to help you get started.
Step 1: Gather Your Materials
For traditional cut-out animation, you’ll need:
- Paper, cardboard, or fabric
- Scissors or a craft knife
- Glue, Blu-Tack, or tape
- Camera or smartphone
- Tripod to keep the camera steady
- Lighting to avoid shadows
For digital animation:
- A computer with animation software (like Adobe Animate, After Effects, or Toon Boom Harmony)
- A graphics tablet (optional but handy)
- Scanned textures or reference materials (optional)
Step 2: Plan Your Animation
Before you start cutting anything, spend some time planning:
- Write a simple script or outline for your story.
- Create a storyboard to map out the key moments.
- Design your characters and backgrounds.
- Choose your color palette and style.
Step 3: Make Your Cut-Outs
For traditional animation:
- Draw your characters and elements on your chosen material.
- Carefully cut them out, leaving parts like arms and legs separate so they can move.
- You might want to make multiple versions of certain parts (like hands or mouths) for replacement animation.
For digital animation:
- Scan or create your elements digitally.
- Separate them into individual layers for easier animation.
- Set up pivot points for movable parts.
Step 4: Set Up Your Animation Station
For traditional animation:
- Create a flat, stable surface for your animation.
- Position your camera directly above the surface.
- Set up even lighting to avoid shadows.
- Secure your background in place.
For digital animation:
- Set up your project file with the right dimensions and frame rate.
- Import your elements into your software.
- Organize your layers so it’s easy to work with.
Step 5: Animate Frame by Frame
For traditional animation:
- Position your characters for the first frame.
- Take a photo.
- Slightly adjust the characters for the next frame.
- Repeat this process for each frame.
For digital animation:
- Place your elements in position for the first keyframe.
- Move to the next keyframe and adjust the elements.
- Continue setting keyframes until the animation is done.
Step 6: Edit and Finalize
- Import all your frames into editing software.
- Adjust the timing to make everything flow smoothly.
- Add sound effects and music.
- Export your final animation!
Tips for Making Great Cut-Out Animations
- Design with Animation in Mind: When you’re making characters, think about how they’ll move. Make sure the separate parts will fit together well and be easy to animate.
- Use Animation Principles: Even with the limitations of cut-out animation, try using techniques like squash and stretch, anticipation, and follow-through to give your movements more life.
- Get the Timing Right: Timing is key! Play around with frame rates to see what works best for your animation.
- Create Depth: Use multiple layers to give your scenes more depth and dimension.
- Experiment with Materials: Don’t limit yourself to just paper! Try using fabric, photographs, or even found objects to add texture to your animation.
- Start Simple: If you’re new to cut-out animation, begin or start with simple projects and work your way up to more complex ones.
Using Cut-Out Animation for Business and Marketing
Cut-out animation isn’t just for fun – it can also be a powerful tool for businesses:
- Stand Out from the Crowd: In a world full of sleek, polished 3D animations, cut-out animation offers a refreshing, unique look. It can help your brand stand out and show creativity.
- Explainer Videos: Cut-out animation is perfect for explainer videos, especially when you’re breaking down complex concepts.
- Social Media: The quirky, charming vibe of cut-out animation makes it a great fit for social media content. It’s a great way to catch people’s attention and get your message across in a memorable way.
- Cost-Effective: If you’re on a budget, cut-out animation is a more affordable option compared to other animation techniques. With good planning, you can make something impressive without spending a ton of money.
Final Thoughts
Cut-out animation is a fun, creative, and surprisingly accessible animation technique that has stood the test of time. Whether you’re just starting out in animation, looking for a new technique to add to your skillset, or wanting to use it for business, the possibilities are endless. Its unique, handmade feel continues to resonate with audiences and creators alike, offering a fresh, personal touch that other methods just can’t replicate.
So, now that you know the basics, why not give cut-out animation a try? You might just fall in love with this charming, nostalgic art form and all the possibilities it offers!